validity and reliability of preschool, first and second grade versions of berkeley parenting self-efficacy scale

objective: the purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity of preschool, first and second grade versions of berkeley parenting self-efficacy scale. method: the subjects were 317 mothers: (102 mothers of preschool children, 111 mothers of first grade children and 104 mothers of second grade children) who were randomly selected from schools in tehran. they completed berkeley parenting self-efficacy and rotter `s locus of control scales. factor analysis using the principle component method was used to identify the factor structure of parenting self-efficacy scale. cronbach`s alpha coefficient was used to identify the reliability of parenting self efficacy scale. results: results of this study indicated that the cronbach`s alpha coefficient was 0.84, 0.87, 0.64 for preschool, first grade and second grade versions respectively. based on the scree test ,,factor analysis produced two factors of maternal strategy and child outcome, and it also produced the highest level of total variance explained by these 2 factors. the parenting self-efficacy scale was negatively associated with measure of locus of control(r=-0.54 for the preschool version, -0.64 for the first grade version and -0.54 for the second grade version). conclusion: due to relatively high reliability and validity of preschool, first and second grade versions of berkeley parenting self-efficacy scale, this scale could be used as a reliable and valid scale in other research areas